24 Nov, 2025

No plan to bring Bill on Chandigarh

1. Chandigarh: Governance Background
• A Union Territory; serves as the common capital of Punjab and Haryana.
• Administered by Governor of Punjab as ex-officio Administrator (Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966).
• No separate legislature → governed directly by the Centre.

2. What Triggered the Controversy
• Lok Sabha Bulletin listed the 131st Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2025.
• Objective: to align Chandigarh with other UTs without legislatures, purportedly for “simplifying” law-making.
• Interpreted as diminishing Punjab’s traditional claim and role in Chandigarh.

3. Why Punjab Objected
• Chandigarh is a historically sensitive inter-State issue post-1966 reorganisation.
• Any administrative change impacts Punjab–Haryana balance.
• Seen as centralisation and weakening of federal commitments.

4. Centre’s Clarification
• Proposal only under consideration, not final.
• No intention to alter Chandigarh’s administrative structure.
• No Bill will be introduced in the Winter Session.

5. Constitutional Articles Relevant
• Article 239 – Administration of UTs by the President.
• Article 239A – Legislatures for certain UTs (Chandigarh excluded).
• Article 240 – President’s power to make regulations for UTs (basis for perceived changes).
• Article 246(4) – Parliament’s exclusive power to legislate for UTs.

COP30 stresses ‘adaptation’ as path to fossil fuel-free world

COP30 (Brazil) concluded with a strong emphasis on adaptation rather than fixing dates for ending fossil fuels.
• Countries agreed to triple adaptation finance by 2035 and set up a two-year work programme on climate finance.
• The consensus (“Mutirão”) calls for ensuring climate action does not impede trade or the economic growth of developing nations.
• Adaptation finance—investing in resilience, agriculture, infrastructure—has lagged, and developed countries are urged to scale up contributions.
• The New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate finance is expected to rise from $300 billion annually by 2035 toward $1.3 trillion from all sources.
• Developing nations welcomed progress on the Just Transition Mechanism (JTM) but warned that climate measures must not become trade-restrictive.
• The final COP30 text omits any explicit roadmap to phase out fossil fuels, reflecting political divides between countries demanding rapid fossil-fuel exit and those prioritising development and fairness.

Safe processing matters more than zesty flavours

1. Rising distrust in India’s food system
• Frequent adulteration scandals and poor hygiene have made consumers cautious about both packaged and street foods.

2. Street food hygiene remains a major challenge
• Investigations (e.g., Chennai pani puri case) show widespread contamination, unsafe water use, and poor cooking practices.
• Informal vendors operate with minimal oversight, leading to inconsistent safety standards.

3. Packaged foods have a structured, science-based system
FSSAI regulations ensure traceability, labelling, transparency, and standardized processing.
• Techniques like pasteurisation, vacuum sealing, and aseptic packaging reduce microbial risks and extend shelf life.

4. Health-conscious consumer trends
• Demand for transparency and safe ingredients is rising.
• Industry is responding with healthier product portfolios and micronutrient fortification.

5. Informal sector poses the biggest food safety risk
• ORF estimates ~100 million food-borne illness cases and ~1.2 lakh deaths annually in India.
• Majority originate from informal vendors—stalls, carts, and roadside eateries.

6. Unsafe practices worsen risks
• Reuse of cooking oil, adulterated ingredients, contaminated water, and improper waste disposal are common.
• Such practices cause outbreaks that often go unreported.

7. Government efforts to formalise and train vendors
FSSAI and municipal bodies run hygiene training, certification drives, and “Clean Street Food Hub” initiatives.
• Aim: improve food handling, storage, and waste management.

8. Need for strong regulatory commitment
• Packaged foods show that structured systems work; similar investment is needed for informal foods.
• Ensuring food safety must be treated as a public health priority, not sentiment.

PM calls for global compact on AI to prevent misuse

Summary

  1. Modi seeks a global pact to curb AI misuse — deepfakes, crime, and terror risks.
  2. Calls for human-centric, safe-by-design, transparent AI.
  3. Demands human oversight, accountability, and auditability in public-impact AI.
  4. Urges open global AI standards, not national silos.
  5. Pushes shift from “jobs of today” to “capabilities of tomorrow.”
  6. India to host AI Impact Summit 2026.
  7. Uses Sanskrit ideal: “Sarvajanaṁ Hitāya, Sarvajanaṁ Sukhāya” (welfare and happiness of all).

UNSC reforms no longer an option but a necessity: Modi at IBSA meet

What is IBSA? (India–Brazil–South Africa Dialogue Forum)
IBSA is a trilateral grouping of:
• India
• Brazil
• South Africa

Key Features
• Formed in 2003.
• A coalition of three large democracies, from three continents—Asia, South America, Africa.
• Focuses on South-South cooperation, democracy, development, inclusive growth, and global governance reform. Modi’s Points in the Article
• IBSA is not just a group of three countries, but a unique platform connecting three continents, three democracies, and three major economies.
• IBSA can provide a message of unity, cooperation, and humanity in a fragmented world.
• He proposed institutionalising an IBSA NSA-level meeting to strengthen security cooperation among the three nations.

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