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Conquer with Confidence.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

The major elements of the Earth’s crust by weight are:

Therefore, among the elements given in the question, their ascending order of occurrence is:

Potassium < Calcium < Iron < Silicon < Oxygen

Hence, the correct sequence is 5, 2, 1, 3 and 4.

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is not correct: The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low-pressure zone located near the equator where the trade winds converge.
  • It appears as a band of clouds consisting of showers and occasional thunderstorms encircling the globe near the equator.
• Statement 2 is correct: The position of the ITCZ varies seasonally because it follows the apparent movement of the Sun. It moves north in the Northern Hemisphere summer and south in the Northern Hemisphere winter.
  • As a result, the ITCZ plays an important role in producing the wet and dry seasons in the tropics.
• Statement 3 is not correct: Since the ITCZ is a convergence and low-pressure zone, warm air tends to ascend, rather than descend.

Therefore, only one statement is correct.

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Answer: (c)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Indus is one of the largest river basins in the world, covering an area of about 11,65,000 sq. km.
  • The Indus is also known as the Sindhu and is the westernmost of the Himalayan rivers in India.
  • It originates from a glacier near Bokar Chu, in the Tibetan region, at an altitude of about 4,164 m in the Kailash Mountain range.
  • In Tibet, it is known as Singi Khamban or Lion’s Mouth.
• Statement 2 is correct: The Indus receives a number of Himalayan tributaries such as the Shyok, Gilgit, Zaskar, Hunza, Nubra, Shigar and Dras.
  • Other important tributaries joining the right bank are the Khurram, Tochi, Gomal, Viboa and Sangar.
  • They all originate in the Sulaiman ranges.
• Statement 3 is correct: The principal rivers of the Indus River system are snow-fed. The Indus and its tributaries receive their waters from the hilly upper parts of their catchments.

Therefore, all three statements are correct.

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

Answer: (d)

Explanation:

About Millets

Millets are an excellent source of essential nutrients and are therefore referred to as nutritious cereals. They are also gluten-free and have a low glycemic index, making them useful dietary options for people with celiac disease and, depending on the overall diet, for glycemic management.

• Statement 1 is correct: Indian millets are nutritionally rich and are important sources of protein, vitamins and minerals.

• Statement 2 is correct: India is the largest producer of millets in the world. According to the material, India accounts for 38.40% of world millet production.

• Statement 3 is correct: Major millet-producing states include Rajasthan, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
  • Together, these ten states accounted for around 98% of India’s millet production during 2023–24.
• Statement 4 is correct: Pearl millet (Bajra) constitutes the largest share of India’s total millet production. The chart provided gives the approximate composition as:
  • Bajra: 62%
  • Jowar: 26%
  • Ragi: 9%
  • Small Millets: 3%

Therefore, all four statements are correct.

Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:

About Swell Waves

Swell waves are long-period ocean waves that have travelled away from the region where they were generated. The source is generally distant winds and weather systems.

• Statement 1 is correct: Swell waves are long-wavelength ocean waves that can travel very large distances from their places of origin.

• Statement 2 is not correct: Swell waves can carry considerable energy over long distances and may have a significant impact when they reach coastal areas.
  • Their behaviour near the coast depends on factors such as wave height, period, bathymetry and coastal configuration.
• Statement 3 is not correct: Swell waves are usually generated by winds or distant weather systems, not by meteor impacts.
  • Windstorms and other powerful air-current systems transfer energy from the air to the water, producing waves that can propagate far beyond the area in which they were generated.

Therefore, statements 2 and 3 are not correct.

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.