PRELIMS मतलब MAD

Answer: B

Explanation: Mahmud Begada, also known as Mahmud Begarha, was a Sultan of Gujarat who ruled from 1458 to 1511. He is credited with building the Jami Mosque in Champaner, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. During his reign, Mahmud Begarha also extended the kingdom’s borders through conquests, including the capture of the forts of Pavagadh and Champaner.

Theme: Regional medieval kingdoms.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Akbar commissioned the translation of the Hindu epic, the Mahabharata, into Persian named “Razmnama.”

Answer: A

Explanation:

Administrative Hierarchy of the Mughal Empire:

The Mughal Empire was divided into a hierarchical administrative structure, consisting of:

1. Suba (Province): The largest administrative unit, also known as Mahal.
2. Sarkar (District): A group of Parganas, headed by a military officer called the Chief Shiqdar.
3. Pargana: A smaller unit comprising a group of villages, administered by:

• Shiqdar (Military Officer)
  
• Amin (collecting revenue)
  
• Munsif (Civilian Judge)
  
• Fotahdar (Treasurer)
  
• Two Karkuns (Clerks or Writers/accountants)
  

Theme: Mughals | Terms.

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Nizamat of Carnatic (Arcot) did not emerge from the Hyderabad State. Instead, it was a protected area under the Hyderabad State’s influence. Hence, the 1st statement is incorrect

The Mysore Kingdom originated as a vassal state of the Vijayanagara Empire, with the Hindu Wodeyar family as its founding and ruling dynasty. Hence, Statement 2 is correct

The Kingdom of Rohilkhand was established in 1721 during the decline of the Mughal Empire, and it existed until 1774. It was then transformed into the Princely State of Rampur after being annexed by the British. Hence, Statement 3 is not correct.

Theme: Regional kingdoms.

Answer: A

Explanation: Zamindars were hereditary owners of their lands, meaning they had inherited the land from their ancestors and had a permanent claim to it. In contrast, jagirdars were appointed by the emperor to manage a specific territory (jagir) for a limited period, usually in exchange for military service. The jagirdar’s control over the land was not hereditary and could be revoked by the emperor. Hence, Option A is correct and Option B incorrect

Both zamindars and jagirdars were involved in tax collection. Zamindars collected taxes from the peasants and remitted them to the state, while jagirdars collected taxes from the peasants and used the revenue to maintain their own troops and administration. Hence,Option C is not correct.

While it is true that jagirdars maintained soldiers, zamindars also maintained their own armed contingents to protect their territories and assist in local administration. Hence, Option D is not correct.

Theme: Terms.