UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)

Overview

  • UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) is the UN body responsible for marine science cooperation
  • Works to improve management of oceans, coasts, and marine resources
  • Facilitates science-based decision making for sustainable ocean governance
  • India has been a member since 1946

Core Mandate and Objectives

  • Promote international cooperation in marine sciences
  • Strengthen ocean observations, research, and services
  • Enhance capacity development in marine science among member states
  • Support early warning systems for ocean-related hazards
  • Advance ocean literacy and public awareness

Key Functional Areas

  • Ocean Science and Research
    • Coordinates global marine scientific programmes
    • Encourages sharing of ocean data, technology, and best practices
    • Supports ecosystem-based ocean management
  • Ocean Observations and Services
    • Develops global systems for monitoring oceans
    • Strengthens climate prediction and marine forecasting
    • Supports fisheries, navigation, and disaster risk reduction
  • Tsunami Warning Systems
    • Leads global coordination of tsunami early warning mechanisms
    • Works through regional tsunami service providers
    • Enhances preparedness of coastal nations
  • Capacity Development
    • Assists developing countries in building scientific and institutional capacity
    • Promotes training, technology transfer, and infrastructure development
  • Ocean Literacy
    • Encourages understanding of the ocean’s role in climate, livelihoods, and sustainability
    • Integrates ocean science into education and policy frameworks

UN Decade of Ocean Science

  • IOC is the coordinating agency for the
    United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030)
  • Popularly known as the “Ocean Decade”
  • Aims to deliver science-based solutions for:
    • Climate change adaptation
    • Biodiversity conservation
    • Sustainable blue economy
    • Disaster risk reduction

Overall Importance of IOC for India

  • Provides a platform for global leadership in ocean science
  • Supports India’s interests in disaster management, climate resilience, and blue economy
  • Strengthens cooperation in Indian Ocean Region
  • Aligns ocean science with sustainable development goals
About the UPSC Civil Services Examination (UPSC CSE)

The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is one of the most competitive and esteemed examinations in India, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission to recruit officers for services such as the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), and others. The exam comprises three stages — Prelims, Mains, and the Personality Test (Interview) — designed to test a candidate’s knowledge, aptitude, decision-making, and leadership skills.


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