What is the UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE)?

The UPSC CSE is India’s most prestigious exam conducted to recruit IAS, IPS, IFS, and other Group A & B officers. It has three stages: Prelims, Mains, and Interview.

Who is eligible to apply for UPSC CSE?

Any graduate between 21–32 years of age (with relaxation for reserved categories) can apply. Both final-year students and professionals are eligible.

How many attempts are allowed in UPSC?

General: 6 attempts (till 32 years); OBC(NCL): 9 attempts (till 35 years); SC/ST: Unlimited attempts (till 37 years).

What is the exam pattern of UPSC?

Prelims: Objective (GS & CSAT); Mains: 9 Descriptive Papers (Essay, 4 GS, 2 Optional, 2 Qualifying Language Papers); Interview/Personality Test: Final stage.

How should a beginner start UPSC preparation?

For self-learners: Start with NCERTs (Class 6–12), followed by standard reference books, daily newspaper reading, and consistent answer writing practice. Students associated with 'UnderStand UPSC': Follow the guidance provided by the team of mentors led by Satyam Jain Sir.

Which books are best for UPSC preparation?

Polity: Laxmikanth; History: Spectrum + NCERTs; Geography: NCERT + GC Leong; Economy: Ramesh Singh + Current Affairs; Environment: Majid Husain.

Is coaching necessary for UPSC?

Not compulsory. With the right strategy, self-discipline, and resources, many toppers have cleared UPSC without coaching. Coaching, however, can provide structured guidance.

How important is Current Affairs in UPSC?

Extremely important. Questions in Prelims, Mains, and Interviews are linked to current issues. Reading newspapers like The Hindu/Indian Express or using monthly compilations is essential.

How much time is required to prepare for UPSC?

On average, 1.5 to 2 years of focused preparation with 8–10 hours daily study is ideal. Consistency matters more than duration.

What is the role of NCERTs in UPSC preparation?

NCERTs build strong conceptual clarity in subjects like History, Geography, Polity, and Economy. They are the foundation of UPSC preparation.

How can I manage UPSC preparation with a job?

Follow a time-blocking strategy, prioritize weekends for deep study, and focus on smart notes & revision. Many working professionals have successfully cleared UPSC.

Does UPSC preparation require English medium only?

No. UPSC allows candidates to write Mains in any of the 22 scheduled languages. Many toppers have cleared UPSC in Hindi and regional languages.

What is the cut-off for UPSC Prelims (General Category)?

The cut-off changes every year but usually ranges between 75–98 marks depending on difficulty, vacancies, and number of applicants.

How should I prepare for UPSC answer writing?

Practice daily or weekly answer writing, focus on structure (Intro–Body–Conclusion), and include facts, examples, and current affairs.

Where can I get free UPSC resources?

You can download NCERTs, UPSC Previous Year Papers, Daily Current Affairs PDFs, and Notes for free from the Understand UPSC Free Resources section.

Is CSAT qualifying in UPSC Prelims?

Yes. Candidates need to score at least 33% (66 marks) in CSAT to qualify.

What is the exam pattern of UPSC Prelims?

Two papers: General Studies (200 marks) and CSAT (200 marks, qualifying). Both are objective type.

What is UnderStand UPSC and how is it different from other coaching institutes?

UnderStand UPSC is a mentorship-driven EdTech platform for UPSC aspirants focusing on personalized guidance, affordability, and credibility — unlike traditional coaching setups.

What courses do you offer for UPSC preparation?

We offer Conquer Program (Mains Mentorship), UpSurge Mains Test Series, Transform (Foundation), CSAT by Saransh Gupta Sir, Prelims MAD Execute, Prelims Test Series, Answer Writing Programs, and Optional Subject Mentorship.

How does the mentorship program work?

Each group on Telegram is assigned a mentor who reviews test copies, provides feedback, tracks progress, and conducts sessions via Zoom or Google Meet.

Do you provide online or offline classes?

Yes, both modes are available. Offline has limited seats; online ensures access across India with live mentorship and test feedback.

How can I enroll in a course?

You can register via our website (www.understandupsc.com), mobile app, or contact team. Enrolled students receive LMS access with all resources.

Do you provide free resources?

Yes. Free resources include NCERT PDFs, UPSC Academic Calendar, Syllabus, PYQs, and Daily Current Affairs — available in the Free Resources Section.

How do your test series work?

Our test series mirror UPSC standards, are evaluated by mentors, and come with personalized feedback to ensure continuous improvement.

What is the fee structure for your programs?

Fees vary by program but are designed to remain affordable while maintaining quality. Check the latest pricing on the Courses Page.

Can working professionals also join your programs?

Yes. Our mentorship is flexible and personalized, helping working aspirants balance jobs with preparation.

Do you provide guidance for the UPSC Interview/Personality Test?

Yes. We conduct mock interviews, DAF-based guidance, and personality development under the ANTIM-PAG program.

Do you provide study material and notes?

Yes. Students receive curated notes, strategic value additions, and daily/weekly study targets complementing NCERTs and standard books.

How can I contact the team for queries?

You can contact us via email at support@understandupsc.com or call our helpline at +91 8377072252.

Does UnderStand UPSC provide online classes?

Yes, we offer live online sessions, recorded lectures, and continuous mentorship support.

Are test series available separately?

Yes. We provide separate Prelims and Mains test series with detailed evaluation and feedback, aligned with our classroom programs.

New IT Rules on AI Content Labelling | UPSC GS-2 Governance

February 11, 2026

Source: The Hindu, Tags: 11 Feb 2026, Governance, GS2, Tech Regulation

Context
Amendments to the Information Technology Act, 2021 introducing mandatory labelling for photorealistic AI-generated content.

Key Changes
• Mandatory Labelling: Photorealistic AI-generated/synthetic content must be clearly and prominently labelled.
• Synthetic Content = “Information”: Treated as “information” under IT Rules for determining unlawful acts.
• Faster Takedown Deadlines:
• Unlawful content: 3 hours (earlier 24–36 hours).
• Sensitive content (non-consensual deepfakes/nudity): must be removed within 2 hours.
• Disclosure Requirement: Platforms must seek information from users if content is AI-generated.
• Definition of Synthetic Content: Any audio-visual content algorithmically created or altered to appear real.
• Penalty Risk: Non-compliance may lead to loss of safe harbour protection for platforms.
• Exemption: Smartphone camera touch-ups are exempt.

Indus Water Treaty Suspension and J&K Projects | UPSC GS-2

February 11, 2026

Source: The Indian Express, Tags: 11 Feb 2026, GS2, IR, water

Context
Suspension of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) has allowed two long-pending water projects in J&K to finally move forward.

Key Projects

Tulbul Navigation Barrage (Jhelum, near Sopore)
• Purpose: Regulate water levels in Wular Lake → ensure navigation + enhance winter electricity generation.
Chenab Lift Water Supply Project (near Akhnoor → Jammu City)

Indus Water Treaty
• Signed in 1960 between India & Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank.

Allocated:
• Eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) → India
• Western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) → Pakistan (with limited use allowed to India)

• India was allowed only run-of-the-river hydroelectric projects on western rivers; could not create storage or regulate flows.

Suspension
• India placed the treaty in abeyance after the Pahalgam terror attack (April 22, last year).
• This removed procedural barriers that previously prevented the two projects from being approved or funded.

Coral Bleaching and Climate Change Impact | UPSC GS-3 Environment

February 11, 2026

Source: The Hindu, Tags: 11 Feb 2026, Climate Change, GS3

Context
A new study published in Biodiversity and Conservation shows how climate change and pollution are causing major colour loss in nature.

Key Points
• Nature losing colours: Seas turning greener, forests browner, coral reefs whitening, insects and birds changing pigmentation.
• Why colours fade: Rising temperatures, pollution, habitat loss, altered rainfall, and extreme weather events.

Examples:
• Butterflies in Amazon losing bright colours in disturbed areas.
• Insects in temperate regions turning lighter due to frequent heatwaves.
• Darker peppered moths becoming more common as surfaces lighten.
• Coral reefs: Severe bleaching events recently in Australia, Gulf of Mannar, Andaman–Nicobar, Kutch → leading to starvation and disease.
• Ecological impact: Loss of camouflage, difficulty attracting mates, disrupted predator–prey relations, imbalance in marine ecosystems.

NRI Investment Rules Eased in Budget 2026-27 | UPSC GS-3 Economy

February 11, 2026

Source: The Hindu, Tags: 11 Feb 2026, Economy, GS3

Context
Budget 2026-27 raises NRI investment limits in Indian equities while NRIs currently hold very little of NSE-listed shares.

Who are NRIs?
Indian citizens living abroad for more than 182 days, retaining Indian citizenship but residing outside India.

What is an FCNR Account?
Foreign Currency Non-Resident account
• Fixed-deposit account for NRIs.
• Held in foreign currency (USD, GBP, EUR etc.).
• Often gives higher stable returns than Indian equities, especially highlighted for NRIs.

Old RBI Limits for NRI Equity Investment
Under Portfolio Investment Scheme (PIS):
• 5% per NRI
• 10% aggregate for all NRIs in a company
• Investments above 10% → allowed up to 24% only with RBI approval.

New Rule (Union Budget 2026-27)
• Individual NRI limit doubled: 5% → 10%
• Aggregate NRI limit doubled: 10% → 24%
• No RBI approval needed → intended to improve ease of doing business.

US–Bangladesh Trade Pact: Impact on India’s Cotton Exports | UPSC GS-2

February 11, 2026

Source: The Hindu, Tags: 11 Feb 2026, GS2, IR, Trade

Context
Bangladesh plans to switch its cotton imports from India to the U.S. following a new U.S.–Bangladesh trade pact.

U.S.–Bangladesh Trade Pact
• A new U.S.–Bangladesh trade deal was signed, described as a “game changer” by Bangladesh’s interim government adviser.
• U.S. will reduce tariff on Bangladeshi textile products to 0% if Bangladesh shifts its raw material sourcing to U.S. cotton or U.S. man-made fibre (MMF).
• Bangladesh supports this shift because the U.S. cotton quality is high and provides better market access to USA.

Data from the Article
India exported to Bangladesh:
• Cotton yarn worth $1.6 billion in 2024
• Manmade fibre yarn worth nearly $85 million in 2024

Cotton
• Cotton is a kharif crop (sown June–July, harvested Oct–Jan).
• Requires warm climate and light, well-drained soil (black soil).

11 Feb 2026 | Daily Current Affairs

New IT Rules on AI Content Labelling | UPSC GS-2 Governance

Indus Water Treaty Suspension and J&K Projects | UPSC GS-2

Coral Bleaching and Climate Change Impact | UPSC GS-3 Environment

NRI Investment Rules Eased in Budget 2026-27 | UPSC GS-3 Economy

US–Bangladesh Trade Pact: Impact on India’s Cotton Exports | UPSC GS-2

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11 Feb 2026 | Daily Current Affairs

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