Critical Minerals: India’s Strategic and Clean Energy Push for UPSC

India has repositioned critical minerals as central to its industrial, clean energy and geopolitical strategy.

Structural Shifts:

• 30 Critical Minerals officially notified
• National Critical Mineral Mission (₹16,300 crore outlay; 1,200 exploration projects by FY2031)
• Removal of import duties on capital goods for processing
• ₹7,280 crore scheme for rare earth permanent magnets
• Strategic move from mining focus to refining and deep processing

China currently dominates up to 90% of global processing capacity in several minerals, making supply chain resilience a core priority.

India’s push now integrates AI-led exploration, geoscience data digitisation, EV-linked domestic demand creation, and partnerships with Australia, EU, US, Japan and UK.

Critical Minerals
Critical Minerals
PYQ – 2025, Ans – C
About the UPSC Civil Services Examination (UPSC CSE)

The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is one of the most competitive and esteemed examinations in India, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission to recruit officers for services such as the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), and others. The exam comprises three stages — Prelims, Mains, and the Personality Test (Interview) — designed to test a candidate’s knowledge, aptitude, decision-making, and leadership skills.


How to Prepare Effectively for UPSC CSE

Cracking the UPSC CSE requires a deep understanding of the syllabus, consistent revision, structured answer writing, and smart test-taking strategies. The Prelims test analytical and conceptual clarity, the Mains focuses on critical thinking, articulation, and subject mastery, while the Interview assesses presence of mind, ethical judgment, and personality traits relevant to public service.

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