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Motion of Thanks

  • The Motion of Thanks is a parliamentary motion moved in Lok Sabha to express gratitude to the President for the President’s Address at the beginning of the first session of a new year or after a general election.
  • It enables Parliament to discuss the policies and programmes outlined in the Address.
  • Formally moved only in Lok Sabha.
  • Rajya Sabha discusses the Address but does not vote on a Motion of Thanks.

Constitutional Basis

  • Article 87 of the Constitution provides for the President’s Address to Parliament.
  • The Motion of Thanks is based on parliamentary convention and rules of procedure, not expressly mentioned in the Constitution.

Procedure

  • A member of the ruling party moves the motion.
  • Another member seconds it.
  • A detailed debate follows on government policies, achievements, and future plans.
  • The Prime Minister replies to the debate.
  • The motion is then put to vote.

Amendments

  • Members may move amendments to:
    • Express regret
    • Criticise policies
    • Point out omissions in the President’s Address
  • Amendments are voted upon before the main motion.

Outcome

  • Passage of the motion signifies approval of the government’s agenda.
  • Defeat of the motion is treated as a loss of confidence in the government and is a serious political setback.

Significance

  • First major parliamentary debate of the year.
  • Provides a platform to review government performance.
  • Allows the opposition to scrutinise and criticise the government.
  • Acts as an indirect test of majority support.

Difference from No-Confidence Motion

  • Motion of Thanks is a regular annual exercise.
  • No-Confidence Motion is moved specifically to test the government’s majority.
  • Defeat of the Motion of Thanks has similar political implications but is rare.

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