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Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India

What is the Census Commissioner of India

  • The is the statutory authority responsible for conducting the Census of India.
  • The office functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
  • The Census Commissioner also holds the designation of Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.

Legal basis

  • Census operations are conducted under the Census Act, 1948.
  • The Act authorises the Census Commissioner to design census schedules, supervise enumeration, and ensure confidentiality of data.

Appointment and status

  • Appointed by the Government of India.
  • The post is generally held by a senior IAS officer.
  • Although administratively under the Ministry of Home Affairs, the office functions with statutory independence in census matters.

Core functions

  • Planning and execution of the decennial population census.
  • Designing questionnaires covering population, literacy, occupation, housing, and amenities.
  • Training and coordination of enumerators and supervisory staff across the country.
  • Compilation, processing, and publication of census data.
  • Safeguarding confidentiality of individual-level information.

Role of Census Commissioner as Registrar General of India

  • Oversees the Civil Registration System for births and deaths.
  • Manages the Sample Registration System for fertility and mortality estimates.
  • Produces key demographic indicators used in governance and policy formulation.

Importance of the office

  • Census data forms the foundation for governance, planning, and evidence-based policymaking.
  • Used for delimitation of constituencies, fiscal devolution, welfare targeting, and socio-economic research.
  • Considered the largest administrative and statistical exercise undertaken by the Indian state.

Confidentiality and legal protection

  • Individual census data is confidential and protected by law.
  • Such data cannot be used for taxation, law enforcement, or judicial proceedings.
  • This protection is essential to maintain public trust and accuracy of enumeration.

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About the UPSC Civil Services Examination (UPSC CSE)

The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is one of the most competitive and esteemed examinations in India, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission to recruit officers for services such as the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), and others. The exam comprises three stages — Prelims, Mains, and the Personality Test (Interview) — designed to test a candidate’s knowledge, aptitude, decision-making, and leadership skills.

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