Context: TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan
India has launched a 100-day Intensified TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, focusing on science + jan bhagidari to accelerate TB elimination.
1) Tuberculosis Basics
- Bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Spread through air (cough/sneeze)
- Mainly affects lungs
- Many cases are asymptomatic (silent spread)
- Requires early detection + long-term treatment
2) Key Data from Article
- 21% decline in TB incidence since 2015
- 25% decline in TB deaths since 2015
- 50% patients do not show typical symptoms
- 20+ crore people screened
- 32.65 lakh TB cases detected
- 10.9 lakh asymptomatic cases identified
- 2 lakh+ MY Bharat volunteers registered
- 3.75 lakh Indians helped, including 1,000 evacuated from Iran
3) Core Strategy
3.1 Jan Bhagidari
• Community participation, panchayats, TB vijetas
• Focus on awareness + stigma reduction
3.2 Proactive Screening Shift
• From passive → targeted screening of high-risk groups
• Focus on urban slums, migrants
3.3 Technology Use
• AI-enabled handheld X-ray devices
• Nikshay Vahans for mobile testing
• Molecular diagnostics at community level
4) Institutional Approach
- Coordination with 25 ministries
- Integration of community + health system
- Focus on treatment adherence and dignity
