K-4 Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile Test by India | UPSC GS3

  • K-4 (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile) is an indigenously developed, nuclear-capable Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
  • It provides the sea-based leg of India’s Nuclear Triad (Land, Air, Sea), ensuring credible second-strike capability under India’s No First Use (NFU) doctrine.
  • December 2025
    Successful user trial from an operational SSBN (Ship Submersible Ballistic Nuclear), INS Arighaat, in the Bay of Bengal.
    Confirms final validation before induction (earlier tests used pontoons).
  • Key specifications
    Range ~3,500 km
    Two-stage, solid-fuel propulsion
    Nuclear / conventional payload up to ~2,000 kg
    Guidance via INS + NavIC
  • Platform linkage
    Designed for Arihant-class SSBNs
    INS Arihant mainly uses K-15 (Sagarika)
    INS Arighaat and INS Aridhaman are K-4 capable
K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile
K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile

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