Context
• Nivolumab (Opdivo) is the original cancer immunotherapy drug developed by Bristol Myers Squibb.
• Immunotherapy treats cancer by activating the body’s immune system instead of directly killing cancer cells like chemotherapy.
• Delhi High Court ruling allows Indian companies to make biosimilar versions of Nivolumab.
• This is expected to significantly reduce costs and improve access.
Context
• India and UAE signed a Letter of Intent to upgrade ties into a Strategic Defence Partnership during the UAE President’s visit to India.
• The move comes amid security tensions in the Gulf region.
Letter of Intent (LoI)
• A non-binding document.
• Shows mutual intent and political commitment.
• Acts as a step towards a formal agreement.
Key Data
• Target to raise India–UAE trade to $200 billion by 2032.
• HPCL–ADNOC LNG deal: 0.5 MMTPA for 10 years from 2028.
• Separate space cooperation LoI also signed.
Context
• Andhra Pradesh CM N. Chandrababu Naidu declared Kakinada as the “Green Hydrogen Valley of India.”
• Announcement followed the foundation stone laying of a large green hydrogen and green ammonia production complex in Kakinada.
• Project aims to produce green ammonia mainly for export, especially to Europe (Germany).
What is Green Hydrogen?
• Hydrogen produced using renewable energy (solar/wind) through electrolysis of water.
• No carbon emissions during production.
• Used as a clean fuel in industries, transport, and for making green ammonia.
What is Green Ammonia?
• Ammonia produced using green hydrogen instead of fossil fuels.
• Carbon-free production process.
• Used as fuel, fertiliser, and for easy storage and transport of hydrogen.
Context
• RBI has suggested that linking digital currencies of BRICS countries be included in the 2026 BRICS Summit agenda.
• Aim: Faster and cheaper cross-border payments through digital currencies.
Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)
• Digital form of sovereign currency issued by a central bank.
• Legal tender and direct liability of the central bank.
• Can be used for payments and settlements like cash.
India’s e-Rupee
• India’s CBDC, issued by the RBI.
• Digital version of the Indian Rupee (₹).
• Launched in 2022; functions as digital cash.
Current Status
• Retail e-Rupee has attracted millions of users since launch.
• Still in pilot mode, with gradual expansion.
Context
• RBI has tightened and clarified Priority Sector Lending (PSL) norms to improve transparency, prevent misuse, and strengthen oversight over bank lending.
What is Priority Sector Lending (PSL)?
• RBI-mandated framework under which banks must lend a specified portion of credit to socially and economically important sectors.
Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC)
• ANBC = Net Bank Credit + eligible investments + certain off-balance-sheet exposures (as defined by RBI).
• Used as the base to calculate PSL targets.
Major Sectors under PSL in India
• Agriculture
• Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
• Export Credit
• Education
• Housing
• Social Infrastructure
• Renewable Energy
• Weaker Sections
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