Context: SC euthanasia of dangerous dogs
Supreme Court refused to modify its November 7, 2025 order on stray dogs; upheld removal of stray dogs from high-footfall public spaces while strengthening public safety measures.
SC’s Core Observation
- Article 21 includes citizens’ right to live without fear of dog attacks / rabies.
- Public safety and human life take precedence in cases involving dangerous stray dogs.
Key Directions
- Removal of stray dogs from schools, hospitals, railway stations, bus depots, etc.
- Dogs cannot be re-released into such high-footfall zones even after sterilisation / vaccination.
- At least one Animal Birth Control Centre in every district.
- Adequate anti-rabies vaccines and immunoglobulin in government hospitals.
Euthanasia Allowed For
- Rabid dogs
- Incurably ill dogs
- Demonstrably dangerous / aggressive dogs
Important Laws / Rules
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960
- Section 11(3): Permits destruction of incurably ill or mortally wounded animals in prescribed manner.
Animal Birth Control Rules, 2023
- Rule 8: Sterilisation and vaccination of stray dogs.
- Rule 10: Euthanasia allowed only for terminally ill / rabid dogs as certified by veterinarian.
Important Judgment
Animal Welfare Board of India vs A. Nagaraja, 2014
- Supreme Court recognised animal welfare and dignity principles under Articles 51A(g) and 48A.
