Advanced Quiz – 16 September 2026 | Medieval History

Answer: (c) Only three

Explanation:
Krishnadevaraya is credited with Amuktamalyada in Telugu and the Sanskrit works Jambavati Kalyanam and Ushaparinayam.

• Maduravijayam was composed by Gangadevi.
• Manucharitam was written by Allasani Peddana.

Thus, 1, 3 and 5, three works, are associated with Krishnadevaraya.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:
A munjaniq was a type of catapult or stone-throwing siege engine. It was used to hurl stones and other projectiles against fortifications and enemy positions.

It should not be confused with gunpowder artillery such as cannons. The term is associated with pre-modern siege warfare and projectile-throwing machines.

Answer: (c) All three

Explanation:
The samantas emerged as an important feature of early medieval political structures. They could exercise revenue, administrative and military functions within territories under their control.

As powerful intermediaries acquired greater local authority, the samanta system became associated with the decentralisation and localisation of political power.

A caution on the original question: treating bhoga simply as the universal term for “revenue assignments” is too broad and potentially misleading, because bhoga had context-dependent fiscal meanings. Therefore, that formulation is better avoided in a high-accuracy UPSC question.

Answer: (c)

Explanation:
Khalisa referred to land whose revenue accrued directly to the Sultan’s treasury rather than being assigned as iqta.

Under Alauddin Khalji, extensive territories, particularly in the Doab, were brought under Khalisa. His revenue measures strengthened direct state assessment and collection and formed part of his broader attempt to enhance central control and secure a large and reliable fiscal base.

Answer: (b) 2 – 3 – 1

Explanation:
The correct chronological sequence is:

Battle of Khatoli (c. 1517) → Battle of Dholpur (c. 1518/1519) → Battle of Khanwa (1527).

At Khatoli, Rana Sanga’s forces defeated those of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. Further conflict between Mewar and the Lodi forces followed around Dholpur. Later, Rana Sanga confronted Babur at Khanwa in 1527, where Babur emerged victorious.