Advanced Quiz – 17 September 2026 | Geography

Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 3 only

Explanation:
PM-KMY is a voluntary and contributory old-age pension scheme for eligible small and marginal farmers. The farmer contributes according to the age of entry and the Central Government provides an equal matching contribution.

An eligible subscriber receives a minimum assured pension of ₹3,000 per month after attaining 60 years of age.

Statement 4 is incorrect because entry is restricted to the prescribed 18 to 40 years age group, rather than being available at any age below 60.

Answer: (c) Only three

Explanation:
Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

Article 343 provides for Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of the Union. The Constitution does not designate Hindi, or any other language, as India’s national language.

Article 350A concerns facilities for mother-tongue instruction at the primary stage for children belonging to linguistic minority groups. Article 351 directs the Union to promote the spread and development of Hindi while also referring to Hindustani and the languages specified in the Eighth Schedule.

A related Prelims trap is that English is not one of the 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:
Both statements are correct. The EU AI Act differentiates regulatory treatment according to the risks posed by AI systems. At the highest end, Article 5 prohibits specified AI practices, including certain forms of social scoring that lead to detrimental treatment in unrelated contexts or treatment that is unjustified or disproportionate.

Thus, Statement II illustrates the risk-based framework described in Statement I.

Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only

Explanation:
Statements 1 and 3 are correct.

The 2017 amendment omitted “bamboos” from the statutory definition of “tree” in Section 2(7) of the Indian Forest Act. However, this did not mean that bamboo ceased to be forest produce in every situation. The Act’s definition of forest produce includes plants other than trees when found in or brought from a forest.

The Forest Rights Act, 2006 expressly includes bamboo within minor forest produce. This distinction between tree and forest produce is the central UPSC trap.

Answer: (d) All four

Explanation:
All four pairs are correctly matched.

• AI hallucination refers to plausible-sounding but false or unsupported outputs.
• Agentic misalignment concerns an AI agent pursuing goals or sub-goals in ways that depart from the operator’s intended constraints.
• Mechanistic interpretability seeks to understand the internal computations and representations underlying model behaviour.
• Recursive self-improvement refers to the hypothesised ability of an AI system to improve its own capabilities or contribute to increasingly capable successor systems.

The key distinction is that hallucination concerns incorrect output, whereas agentic misalignment concerns goal-directed behaviour that departs from intended constraints.