Advanced Quiz – 30 September 2026 | General Studies

Answer: (d) All four

Explanation: All four pairs are correctly matched.

Under Section 3 of AFSPA, 1958, the Central Government, Governor of a State or Administrator of a Union Territory can declare the whole or part of the concerned territory a disturbed area when deployment of the armed forces in aid of civil power is considered necessary.

E-methanol is a synthetic fuel that can be produced by combining green hydrogen with captured CO₂ using renewable energy. The Kandla project is intended to produce such fuel for maritime use.

Tarang Shakti is the Indian Air Force’s multinational air exercise. The 2026 edition is its second edition, following the inaugural exercise in 2024.

Naujawan Bharat Sabha was founded by Bhagat Singh in 1926 to mobilise youth. Bhagat Singh subsequently became associated with the Hindustan Republican Association, which was reorganised as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928.

Answer: (d) All four

Explanation: All four are correctly matched.

Union List Entry 40 places lotteries organised by the Government of India or a State Government within Parliament’s legislative competence.

State List Entry 34 covers betting and gambling, while State List Entry 62 provides for State taxation of betting, gambling and lotteries.

The Lotteries (Regulation) Act, 1998 lays down the statutory framework governing State-organised lotteries.

The constitutional scheme therefore separates the legislative treatment of government-organised lotteries from the broader subject of betting and gambling.

Answer: (c) Only three

Explanation: Pairs 1, 2 and 3 are correctly matched.

The French-Mexican Initiative calls upon permanent members to voluntarily refrain from using the veto in situations involving mass atrocities.

The Liechtenstein Initiative, reflected in UNGA Resolution 76/262 of 2022, provides for the General Assembly to meet within 10 working days following the casting of a veto in the Security Council.

The ACT Code of Conduct encourages Security Council members to avoid voting against credible resolutions intended to prevent or halt mass atrocity crimes.

Pair 4 is incorrect. The Ezulwini Consensus represents the African Union’s common position on UN reform, including African representation in the Security Council. The G4 consists of India, Brazil, Germany and Japan.

Answer: (b) 2 and 4 only

Explanation: Statements 2 and 4 are correct.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The term “veto” itself is not explicitly used in the UN Charter. The veto follows from Article 27(3), which governs voting on non-procedural or substantive matters.

Statement 2 is correct. The Security Council has 15 members, including five permanent members: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States. A negative vote by any P5 member can block a substantive resolution.

Statement 3 is incorrect. An abstention or absence of a permanent member does not constitute a veto.

Statement 4 is correct. Under Article 108, amendments to the UN Charter require adoption by two-thirds of the General Assembly and ratification by two-thirds of UN members, including all five permanent members of the Security Council.

Answer: (c) Only three

Explanation: Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

LNG is natural gas converted into liquid form by cooling, which greatly reduces its volume and facilitates storage and transport.

India’s first LNG-powered train does not operate exclusively on LNG. Two 1,400 HP Driving Power Cars at Sabarmati were converted to a dual-fuel diesel-LNG system. LNG can substitute around 40% of diesel consumption. Therefore, Statement 2 is incorrect.

The shift is intended to reduce conventional diesel consumption as well as emissions including CO₂, NOx and particulate matter.