Source: PIB | Date: 18 June | Tags: 19 June 2026, Batteries & Fuel Cells, Energy Storage, GS3, Science & Technology
Context: Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries
Scientists at the Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali developed a new electrolyte additive, BDIM, that enhances the performance of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries, making them safer, cheaper and more durable for large-scale energy storage.
Battery Basics
A battery consists of:
- Anode
- Cathode
- Electrolyte
Anode
- Negative electrode.
- Releases electrons.
- Commonly graphite in lithium-ion batteries.
Cathode
- Positive electrode.
- Receives electrons.
- Commonly contains lithium, cobalt and nickel compounds.
Electrolyte
- Medium through which ions move between electrodes.
Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery
Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery consists of:
- Zinc anode
- Water-based electrolyte
Why AZIBs Matter
They are:
- Safer than conventional lithium-ion batteries.
- Cheaper.
- More suitable for large-scale energy storage.
- Useful for renewable energy integration.
Main Challenge
Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries face problems such as:
- Zinc dendrites
- Corrosion
- Hydrogen evolution
These reduce battery life and performance.
Innovation
BDIM additive forms a protective layer on zinc.
This helps suppress unwanted side reactions.
Significance
- Longer battery life.
- Improved safety.
- Lower cost.
- Renewable energy storage.
- Grid-scale storage.
- Supports clean energy transition.
PYQ Linkages
Fuel Cell vs Battery
Battery
- Stores chemical energy internally.
- Requires recharging or replacement after depletion.
Fuel Cell
- Does not store energy.
- Continuously generates electricity as long as fuel, such as hydrogen, is supplied.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Output
- Electricity
- Water
- Heat
Distributed Energy Resources
Distributed Energy Resources are decentralised energy generation or storage systems located near consumers.
They reduce dependence on large centralised power plants.
Examples of DERs
- Rooftop Solar PV
- Battery Energy Storage Systems
- Fuel Cells
- Small Wind Turbines
- Biomass Generators
