Bonn Climate Meeting: India’s Stand on Climate Finance and Adaptation

Context: India calls for dialogue on climate finance, adaptation at Bonn Climate Meeting
At the 64th Session of Subsidiary Bodies under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Bonn, Germany, India called for enhanced climate finance, stronger adaptation support and opposed the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.

Bonn Climate Meeting

Session

• SB64

Purpose

• Mid-year UNFCCC negotiations preparing decisions for COP31, Antalya, Türkiye, 2026.

Bodies

• Subsidiary Body for Implementation
• Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice

India’s Key Demands

Climate Finance

• Developed countries must provide financial support to developing countries.
• Linked to Paris Agreement, Article 9.

New Collective Quantified Goal

• Adopted at COP29, Baku, 2024.
• Developed countries committed USD 300 billion annually by 2035.
• India criticised the amount as inadequate.

Article 6

• Framework for international cooperation.
• Covers carbon markets, carbon credit trading and non-market approaches.
• Helps countries achieve their Nationally Determined Contributions.

Adaptation Finance

• Funding for adaptation to climate change impacts.
• Recognised under Paris Agreement, COP21, 2015.
• Linked to the Global Goal on Adaptation.

Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism

• European Union carbon tax on imports.
• India cited UNFCCC Article 3.5, which states that climate measures should not become arbitrary discrimination or disguised restriction on international trade.

Key Principles and Negotiating Groups

Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities

• UNFCCC Article 3.1
• Developed countries bear greater responsibility due to historical emissions.

Group of 77

• Largest developing-country coalition.

Like-Minded Developing Countries

• Supports CBDR-RC and equity.

BASIC

• Brazil
• South Africa
• India
• China

Important Climate Terms

Global Goal on Adaptation

• Paris Agreement, COP21, 2015
• Measures global progress in adaptation and resilience.

Just Transition Work Programme

• COP27, 2022
• Ensures a fair transition to a low-carbon economy while protecting workers and vulnerable communities.

Global Stocktake

• Paris Agreement, COP21, 2015
• Five-yearly assessment of collective progress towards climate goals.

Mitigation Work Programme

• COP27, 2022
• Accelerates global emission-reduction efforts before 2030.