What is the CVC?
The (CVC) is India’s apex integrity institution responsible for preventing corruption in Central Government departments, public sector undertakings (PSUs), and autonomous bodies.
Origin and Legal Status
- Established: 1964 (on Santhanam Committee recommendation)
- Statutory status: Granted by the Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003
- Nature: Independent statutory body
Composition
- Chairperson
- Up to two Vigilance Commissioners
- Appointed by the President on the recommendation of a committee consisting of:
- Prime Minister (Chair)
- Home Minister
- Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha (or leader of largest opposition party)
Functions and Powers
- Supervises vigilance administration in Central Government bodies
- Advises Central Government and PSUs on vigilance matters
- Exercises superintendence over the CBI in corruption cases under the Prevention of Corruption Act
- Oversees functioning of Chief Vigilance Officers (CVOs)
- Inquires or causes inquiry into complaints of corruption
Limitations
- Advisory body; cannot initiate prosecution on its own
- Does not have investigative powers like police agencies
