Context
India and the European Union are set to upgrade their strategic partnership during the India-EU Summit, while negotiations on a long-pending Free Trade Agreement (FTA) continue.
Key Points of Difference
Russia–Ukraine context
• EU: Critical of Russia, expects alignment
• India: Strategic autonomy
Zapad-2025 military exercise
• EU concern over India’s association
• India: Defence decisions are sovereign
Oil trade with Russia
• EU criticism of discounted crude imports
• India: Energy security priority
What still moves forward
• Continued FTA negotiations
• New Defence and Security Partnership
• Cooperation on technology, supply chains, critical minerals, climate, mobility
IMEC – India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor
What it is
• Connectivity and trade corridor announced at G20
Countries involved
• India
• Middle East: UAE, Saudi Arabia (Israel as key link)
• Europe: EU
Components
• Rail, ports, shipping routes
• Energy pipelines
• Digital cables
Significance
• Faster India-Europe trade
• Supply-chain resilience
• Strategic counterweight to China-centric corridors



