Indus Water Treaty Suspension and J&K Projects | UPSC GS-2

Context
Suspension of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) has allowed two long-pending water projects in J&K to finally move forward.

Key Projects

  1. Tulbul Navigation Barrage (Jhelum, near Sopore)
    • Purpose: Regulate water levels in Wular Lake → ensure navigation + enhance winter electricity generation.
  2. Chenab Lift Water Supply Project (near Akhnoor → Jammu City)

Indus Water Treaty
• Signed in 1960 between India & Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank.

Allocated:
• Eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) → India
• Western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) → Pakistan (with limited use allowed to India)

• India was allowed only run-of-the-river hydroelectric projects on western rivers; could not create storage or regulate flows.

Suspension
• India placed the treaty in abeyance after the Pahalgam terror attack (April 22, last year).
• This removed procedural barriers that previously prevented the two projects from being approved or funded.

Indus Water Treaty
Indus Water Treaty
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