Context
• In Budget 2026–27, allocation for PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan) increased to about ₹5,000 crore.
• It reflects focus on decentralised solar energy for farmers.
• This raises the issue of land use conflict between solar expansion and agriculture → leading to discussion on Agri-Photovoltaics (AgriPV).
Agri-Photovoltaics (AgriPV)
• Definition: Simultaneous use of same land for agriculture and solar energy generation.
• Mechanism: Solar panels installed above or between crops, allowing cultivation below.
Why AgriPV is Important
• Addresses land scarcity for solar projects
• Enables dual use of land
• Supports farmer income diversification
• Aligns with clean energy targets
Key Benefits
• Additional income from electricity
• Reduced water loss due to shading
• Protection of crops from extreme weather
• Efficient land utilisation
Major Challenges
• High capital cost
• Lack of regulatory clarity
• Absence of design standards
• Risk of lower crop yield if poorly designed
Status in India
• Around 50 pilot projects
• Still at a nascent stage
