Context: COP33 Summit
India has withdrawn its bid to host COP33 (2028) under UNFCCC, citing a review of its climate commitments.
Integrated Notes
- COP Basics
• Conference of Parties (COP) → annual UN climate summit under UNFCCC (1992)
• Decides targets, finance, mitigation, adaptation - Timeline + Decision
• 2002 → India hosted COP8 (New Delhi)
• 2023 (COP28, Dubai) → India announced bid for COP33
• 2025 → BRICS supported candidature
• April 2026 → India withdrew (review of 2028 commitments) - Hosting Mechanism
• Rotates among 5 UN regional groups
• India → Asia-Pacific group
• After withdrawal → South Korea main contender - Current COP Sequence
• COP30 → Brazil
• COP31 → Türkiye + Australia
• COP32 → Ethiopia
• COP33 → undecided - India’s Climate Targets
• 60% power capacity from non-fossil sources (by 2035)
• 47% reduction in emissions intensity of GDP
• Carbon sink: 3.5–4 billion tonnes CO₂ - Core Reason
• Implementation priority > hosting burden
• Focus on meeting NDC targets + resource optimisation




