Context
India ranks among the world’s largest producers of aquatic foods. Growth driven by technology, policy, and modernisation — but sustainability and fisher welfare remain challenges.
1. Growth Indicators (FAO SOFIA 2024)
- Global capture fisheries: 92.3 million tonnes
- Global aquaculture: 130.9 million tonnes
- India’s total aquatic production: 10.23 million tonnes
- Indian aquaculture growth: 2.24 million tonnes (1980s) → 17.4 million tonnes (2022-23)
2. Key Government Initiatives
- Blue Revolution Mission
- Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
- Matsya Seva Kendras
- Kisan Credit Card support
- Digital inclusion, traceability, post-harvest infrastructure focus
3. Major Challenges
- Overfishing
- Habitat loss & water pollution
- Climate vulnerabilities
- Poor post-harvest facilities
- Technology & credit gaps for small-scale fishers
- Global traceability compliance tightening
4. Sustainability Imperatives
- Regular stock assessments
- Traceability for exports
- Environmental safeguards in aquaculture
- Small-scale fisher inclusion
- Climate-resilient practices & ecosystem-based management
