Q11. GS 4 – UPSC Mains PYQ 2024

With the summer heat being exceptionally severe this year, the district has been facing severe water shortage. The District Collector has been mobilizing his subordinate officials to conserve the remaining water reserves for preventing the district from plunging into acute drinking water crisis. Along with an awareness campaign for conserving water, strict measures have been taken for stopping the over-exploitation of ground-water. Vigilance teams have been deployed to tour the villages and find the farmers who are drawing water from deep borewells or from the river reservoir for irrigation. The farmers are agitated by such action. A delegation of farmers meets the District Collector with their issues and complains that while they are not being allowed to irrigate their crops, big industries located near the river are drawing huge amounts of water through deep borewells for their industrial processes. The farmers allege that their administration is anti-farmer and corrupt, being bribed by the industry. The district needs to placate the farmers as they are threatening to go on a prolonged protest. At the same time, the District Collector has to deal with the water crisis. The industry cannot be closed as this would result in a large number of workers being unemployed.

(a) Discuss all options available to the District Collector as a District Magistrate.
(b) What suitable actions can be taken in view of mutually compatible interests of the stakeholders?
(c) What are the potential administrative and ethical dilemmas for the District Collector?

(Answer in 250 words) 20


इस वर्ष असाधारण रूप से भीषण गर्मी होने के कारण, जिले को पानी की घोर कमी का सामना करना पड़ रहा है। जिला कलेक्टर जिले को गंभीर पेयजल संकट से उबारने हेतु शेष जल भंडार को संरक्षित करने के लिए अपने अधीनस्थ अधिकारियों को सक्रिय कर रहे हैं। जल संरक्षण के लिए जागरूकता अभियान के साथ-साथ भू-जल के अत्यधिक दोहन को रोकने के लिए सख्त कदम उठाए गए हैं। गाँवों का दौरा करने हेतु सतर्कता दल तैनात किए गए हैं। सिंचाई के लिए गहरे बोरवेल अथवा नदी जलाशय से पानी खींचने वाले किसानों की शिनाख्त की जा रही है। ऐसी कार्रवाई से किसान आक्रोश में आ जाते हैं। किसानों का एक प्रतिनिधिमंडल अपने मुद्दों को लेकर जिला कलेक्टर से मिलता है और शिकायत करता है कि जहाँ उन्हें अपनी फसल की सिंचाई की अनुमति नहीं दी जा रही है, वहीं नदी के पास स्थित बड़े उद्योग अपनी औद्योगिक प्रक्रियाओं के लिए गहरे बोरवेल के माध्यम से भारी मात्रा में पानी खींच रहे हैं। किसानों का आरोप है कि उनका प्रशासन किसान विरोधी और भ्रष्ट है, जिसे उद्योग द्वारा रिश्वत दी जा रही है। जिले को, किसानों को शांत करने की ज़रूरत है क्योंकि वे लंबे समय तक विरोध प्रदर्शन करने की धमकी दे रहे हैं। वहीं जिला कलेक्टर को जल संकट से निपटना भी होगा। उद्योग को बंद नहीं किया जा सकता क्योंकि इससे बड़ी संख्या में श्रमिक बेरोजगार हो जाएँगे।

(a) एक जिला मजिस्ट्रेट के रूप में जिला कलेक्टर के लिए उपलब्ध सभी विकल्पों पर चर्चा कीजिए।
(b) हितधारकों के परस्पर अनुकूल हितों को ध्यान में रखते हुए कौन-सी उचित कार्रवाइयाँ की जा सकती हैं?
(c) जिला कलेक्टर के लिए संभावित प्रशासनिक और नैतिक दुविधाएँ क्या हैं?

(उत्तर 250 शब्दों में दीजिए)

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Q11. GS 4 – UPSC Mains PYQ 2024

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