Context
• India dropped 13 places to Rank 23 in CCPI 2025 (Climate Change Performance Index).
• Rank fell due to slow coal phase-down.
Summary
1. India’s Core Challenge: Coal Dependence
• Renewables rising, but coal = ¾ of electricity generation.
• Imbalance hurts climate performance.
2. Chile’s Transition Lessons
• Chile cut coal share 43.6% → 17.5% (2016–24).
• Tools used: carbon pricing, emission norms, renewable auctions, early grid planning.
• Target: phase out coal by 2040.
3. India’s Transition Harder
• Coal-dependent regions (Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, WB).
• Abrupt cuts cause socio-economic distress.
4. Benefits of Coal Exit
• Reduced climate risks (3–10% projected GDP loss by 2100).
• Cuts air pollution deaths.
• Improves energy security.
5. What India Must Do
• Time-bound coal exit roadmap.
• Retire old plants, stop new coal approvals.
• Expand renewables + storage.
• Reform pricing & subsidies.
6. Financing + Just Transition
• Blended finance model + “Green Energy Transition India Fund”.
• Reskilling + economic diversification of coal regions.
